Your budget may allow for more spaciousness, but plan for a minimum of nine square feet per person, which is what Switzerland provides. Start with what Vuilleumier calls a “protective envelope” of concrete and reinforced steel rebar with walls between one foot and 2-feet-7-inches thick. Packed earth insulates against radiation and blast waves, but don’t go deeper than 10 feet if your exits (make two) become blocked in the blast, you may need to dig yourself out. Seal the buckets and carry them to the surface as needed.“The most important thing is to build underground,” says Cédric Vuilleumier, an engineer for the Federal Office for Civil Protection in Switzerland, where all citizens are legally guaranteed a spot in a bomb shelter. It isn’t ideal, but it is an effective way to keep your shelter safe and sanitary. Another option is to use small plastic toilets or buckets.You may not be able to get clean, running water in an emergency, so you may need to install an expensive system of tanks, pipes, and filters if you want more comfort. Many shelters do not feature running water, so a regular toilet isn’t usually an option.You can also try joining the pipe to the air pump’s ventilation pipe. You may need to dig through the dirt so the pipe exits above the plastic canopy over the entryway. To install the ventilation pipe, run it through the nearest entryway, if possible. ![]() A good location for the toilet is near the exit furthest from your sleeping quarters. You will need to install a ventilation pipe, running it from the toilet to the surface. The most efficient way is a composting toilet, similar to what you would see in an RV. You have several options for installing toilets. Set up a toilet in a separate area of the shelter.
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